rising

rising
   1. The resurgence of an underground watercourse, usually at the base margin of the calcareous massif, although in the instance of a blind valley the rising has eroded headwards for some distance. Each rising accounts for the collective discharge of several sinks and in this way has a relatively high discharge as the sole drainage outlet for a large area. If the water issues freely, the rising is said to be free- flowing, but if it issues under pressure, the terms artesian, forced, or vauclusian spring are used (after the typeexample of the resurgence of the Sorgue river at Vaucluse in France) [19].
   2. An issue of water from massive limestone which cannot be classed with certainty as either a resurgence or a spring [20].
   Synonyms: (French.) émergence; (German.) Ausflußtelle, Karstquelle; (Greek.) kephalari; (Italian.) sorgente; (Russian.) vihod karstovih vod; (Spanish.) emergencia; (Turkish.) yüzeye yükseliÕ; (Yugoslavian.) krs \# ko vrelo, krs \# ki izvor, obrh.
   See also emergence; exsurgence; resurgence.

A Lexicon of Cave and Karst Terminology with Special Reference to Environmental Karst Hydrology. . 2002.

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